The research is in the journal Antiquity.
About the year 1000, sea fishing increased significantly in northern Europe.
To see how that increase influenced urban growth, researchers looked at 95 excavation sites in London.
Which included about 3000 bones from cod fish.
The research is in the journal Antiquity.
About the year 1000, sea fishing increased significantly in northern Europe.
To see how that increase influenced urban growth, researchers looked at 95 excavation sites in London.
Which included about 3000 bones from cod fish.
Cod are decapitated before being dried for transport.
So finding heads meant the fish were local.
And the researchers found that as fish heads appear to decrease in the early 1200s, fish tails dramatically increased—a sign of importation.
Examination of the chemical isotopes in the tails matched those for fish in waters far to the north, probably off Norway close to the Arctic, more evidence of import.
The scientists do not know if the rapid switch from local to imported cod happened because local fish weren't as plentiful as the population increased, or if the market became flooded with dried imports from the north.
But these fish tails tell a story of London becoming a growing economic center, and part of a globalizing fish trade.
Cod are decapitated before being dried for transport.
So finding heads meant the fish were local.
And the researchers found that as fish heads appear to decrease in the early 1200s, fish tails dramatically increased—a sign of importation.
Examination of the chemical isotopes in the tails matched those for fish in waters far to the north, probably off Norway close to the Arctic, more evidence of import.
The scientists do not know if the rapid switch from local to imported cod happened because local fish weren't as plentiful as the population increased, or if the market became flooded with dried imports from the north.
But these fish tails tell a story of London becoming a growing economic center, and part of a globalizing fish trade.
Even so, buffett doesn't appear to be worried.
Both services appear to provide intuitive solutions to the hassle of monitoring receipts.
China used to be close to zero.
Nominal yields are close to historic lows.